系动词包括哪几类(系动词包括哪几类动词)

博主:专业专业 2分钟前 1

系动词有哪些?

5.1be动词类:am;is;are;was;were;

5.2感官动词类:look“看起来”;seem“看起来”;sound“听起来”;smell“闻起来”;taste“尝起来”;feel“摸起来,觉得,感到”;感官动词的汉语意思中带有“……起来”;

(注意和行为动词的区别:look“看,瞧”;smell“闻,嗅”;taste“尝,试吃”;feel“摸”)

5.3含有“变成,变”意思的系动词:become“变成”;turn“变成”get“变得,变成”等;

5.4含有“保持”意思的系动词:remain“保持”;stay“保持”;keep“保持”等;

(stay“待在”,keep“保留,保存”等表示其他意思,就不再是系动词了)

【知识点】为什么是主系表句而不是主谓宾句?

主语+系动词+表语

Hebecameadoctorin1988.(主系表句)

Hejoinedthehospitalin1988.(主谓宾句)

连系动词不可以带宾语,因为连系动词不是及物动词,比如我们把become(变成)带入及物动词检验结构中:

“我become(变成)它,它被我become(变成)”,意思表达不通顺,中国人都不会这样讲,所以become(变成)不是及物动词;那么adoctor不是宾语,它是什么句子成分呢?在系动词后面的名词在语法上叫“表语”,因为它说明主语的情况而使句子意思完整。表语可以是形容词、名词、代词、介词短语、名词性从句等。

6.表语有哪些种类?

表语可以是形容词、名词、代词、介词短语、名词性从句等

6.1形容词做表语

(1)Eachofusfeelalittlebittired,sowewerehappybecausewehaddoneagooddeed.

(解析:形容词tired做feel的表语,happy做were的表语,根据前后一致原则feel改为felt,根据逻辑关系so改为but,全句修改为:Eachofusfeltalittlebittired,butwewerehappybecausewehaddoneagooddeed.)

(2)Ifeeluneasilyrecently.

(解析:副词不能做表语,应改为:Ifeeluneasyrecently.)

(3)It’salwaysdifficulttocommunicate.

(解析:Tocommunicateisalwaysdifficult.表语difficult来说明主语tocommunicate的情况,使句子意思完整)

(4)Ifeltexcitedbytheamazedbeautyofnature.

(解析:excited做felt的表语,amazed“ed表示感到…的,修饰人”,amazing“ing表示令人…的,修饰物”,句子应改为:Ifeltexcitedbytheamazingbeautyofnature.)

(5)IamsoexcitingthatyouwillcometoChina.

(解析:应改为:IamsoexcitedthatyouwillcometoChina.)

(6)Iwasreallydisappointingandabouttoleavewhenhewalkedoutabuilding.

(解析:was后面有两个表语:disappointed和abouttoleave,应改为:Iwasreallydisappointedandabouttoleavewhenhewalkedoutabuilding.)

(7)Theexperiencewasveryinterested.

(解析:应改为:Theexperiencewasveryinteresting.)

(8)Theassistantwasclearlyasembarrassingasmysister;forIjustthoughtitwasfunny!

(解析:应改为:Theassistantwasclearlyasembarrassedasmysister)

(9)Shewas,infact,ratherattractively.

(解析:插入语infact先忽略,Shewasratherattractively.句子中系动词was后没有表语,副词不能做表语,应改为:Shewas,infact,ratherattractive.)

(10)Theyaresilently,anditwasclearlythatthingswerenotgoingwell.

(解析:副词不能做表语,应改为:Theyaresilent,anditwasclearthatthingswerenotgoingwell.)

(11)Everyoneelseseemsveryniceandwarmlyhere.

(解析:系动词seem后面两个表语nice和warm,应改为Everyoneelseseemsveryniceandwarmhere.)

(12)MyfriendNicktoldmestoryabouthisexperiencebackintheUS,whichwasveryinterested.

(解析:which指代整个句子所表达的事情,故不能用interested,应改为:MyfriendNicktoldmeastoryabouthisexperiencebackintheUS,whichwasveryinteresting.)

(13)AsyouareverypopularlywithusChinesehighschoolstudents,we’dliketoinviteforyoutotheexhibition.

(解析:副词不能做表语,for去掉,应改为:AsyouareverypopularlywithusChinesehighschoolstudents,we’dliketoinviteyoutotheexhibition.)

6.2名词做表语

(1)Iamaboyinthefirstgradesofaseniorhighschool.

(解析:名词aboy做表语,grade用单数,应改为:Iamaboyinthefirstgradeofaseniorhighschool.)

(2)ThisisagoodchancetolearnChineseKongFu.

(解析:agoodchancetolearnChineseKongFu做表语,体会一下前定语good和后定语tolearnChineseKongFu,长定语一般后置)

(3)Itwasunforgettabletrip.

(解析:应改为:Itwasanunforgettabletrip.)

(4)Christinewasjustagirlinoneofmyclasses.

(5)OnedayIsawasecond-handbicycle,thatwasonlyonehundredYuans.

(解析:非限制性定语从句中连接词不能用that,人民币和日元Yuan复数不能加s,应改为:OnedayIsawasecond-handbicycle,whichwasonlyonehundredYuan.)

(6)Itwasalessontousthatitwaspossiblegivewithoutexpectanythinginreturn.

(解析:itwaspossiblegivewithoutexpectanythinginreturn.这个简单句中已有谓语动词was,其他动词就是非谓语动词:todo;doing;done,介词without后面跟动词ing,全句应改为:Itwasalessontousthatitwaspossibletogivewithoutexpectinganythinginreturn.)

(7)IamsecretaryoftheCityStudentUnion(CSU).

(解析:名词secretary后面有后定语修饰表特指,应改为:IamthesecretaryoftheCityStudentUnion(CSU))

6.3介词短语做表语

(1)IwastheShanghaiRailwayStationtobuyatickettoHangzhou.

(解析:was后面都是表语,说明主语情况的,小地点前应加介词at)

(2)Therateremainedabovethepreviouslevel.

(解析:remained后面介词短语是表语)

(3)WhenIwasinhighschool,mostofmyfriendhadbicycles.

(解析:inhighschool是表语,mostof后面要跟复数,friend改为friends)

(4)Morethan1000painingwillbeonshow.

(解析:介词短语onshow是表语,根据前后一致painting改为paintings)

6.4从句做表语(表语从句)

(1)Thechancesarethatyoucanperformthetask.

(2)ThepointisthatyouhavetokeepyourpromisetohelpherwithherEnglish.

(3)Thefactisthat,withthenewguidedsystem,flyingwillbesaferthanever.

(4)TheproblemisthatIforgetherphonenumber.

(解析:这些从句都做系动词的必要,用来说明主语情况,使句子意思完整)

7.注意几个问题

7.1stay,turn,keep,feel

7.2不要看到be动词就是主系表句

Iwasplayingatmycousinhouse.

The End

发布于:2023-07-13,除非注明,否则均为专业百科原创文章,转载请注明出处。